
A gustnado is the result of the outflow boundary of a thunderstorm. When a thunderstorm has outflow winds of 58 mph or more it can create what is known as a gust front. This gust front is much like a cylinder rotating above the Earth's surface.
If a gust of wind collides with the gust front it will push the horizontally rotating gust front on its side and cause it to rotate vertically. This rotation of the gust front then will kick up dirt and other debris on the ground. The dirt and debris gives the rotating column of air a dark brown color.
Interestingly, if a storm cloud were to go over the gustnado it is then considered a weak tornado.
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